The main question addressed to the Court concerned the equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment.” Does segregation of children in public schools solely on the basis of race, even though the physical facilities and other ‘tangible’ factors may be equal, deprive the children of equal educational opportunities?” The Court was asked to determine whether the segregation of schools was unconstitutional. Linda Brown’s parents filed a lawsuit to force the schools to admit her to the nearby but segregated, school for white students. Separate elementary schools for whites and nonwhites were maintained by the Board of Education in Topeka. Linda Brown, an eight-year-old African-American girl had been denied permission to attend an elementary school only five blocks from her home in Topeka, Kansas. However, the 1950’s brought a new wave of challenges to official segregation by the NAACP. However, the legal framework on which segregation rested was itself being dismantled, challenged repeatedly by the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).The doctrine of “separate but equal” was being to crack. The integration of labor unions in the 1930s under the eye of the Fair Employment Practices Commission and the desegregation of the armed forces in 1948 marked major steps toward racial integration. Perhaps no other case decided by the Court in the 20th century has had so profound an effect on the social fabric of America as Brown v.
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